[deploy-helpers] respect Retry-After during asset uploads

[petebacondarwin]

Partially addresses #15060.

Stacked on #15631. This PR should be reviewed as the single follow-up commit on top of that change.

The fetch layer already exposes Retry-After as APIError.retryAfterMs, but the static asset upload loop ignored it and retried using its own short exponential/gateway delays. A response such as Retry-After: 120 could therefore be retried after only a few seconds, adding more load while the asset service was asking the client to pause.

This change:

• pauses retries and pending upload requests until the latest outstanding Retry-After deadline;
• gives Retry-After precedence over the local retry delays instead of stacking both waits;
• uses a request-level concurrency limiter so simultaneous gateway failures resume at concurrency one, then recover gradually as introduced by [deploy-helpers] recover asset upload concurrency after gateway errors #15631; and
• schedules very long deadlines in safe timer slices to avoid the Node large-setTimeout clamp.

The tests simulate a 120-second directive without waiting in real time. They verify that neither the failed request nor queued assets restart early, that simultaneous 524 retries remain serialized after the pause, and that concurrency subsequently recovers.

Scope: this covers Workers static asset upload requests handled by syncAssets(). Retry handling for the initial assets-upload-session request and the separate Pages /pages/assets/upload path is unchanged and can be addressed independently.

---

• Tests
  • Tests included/updated
  • Automated tests not possible - manual testing has been completed as follows:
  • Additional testing not necessary because:
• Public documentation
  • Cloudflare docs PR(s):
  • Documentation not necessary because: This changes internal retry scheduling and adds no public configuration or API.

Note

This is a contribution from an AI agent: OpenAI Codex (GPT-5).

---

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: eaab2b4

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 5 packages

Name	Type
@cloudflare/deploy-helpers	Patch
wrangler	Patch
@cloudflare/remote-bindings	Patch
@cloudflare/vite-plugin	Patch
@cloudflare/vitest-plugin	Patch

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[ask-bonk]

LGTM!

github run

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@cloudflare/autoconfig

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commit: eaab2b4

[workers-devprod]

Codeowners approval required for this PR:

• @cloudflare/wrangler

Show detailed file reviewers

• .changeset/calm-assets-retry.md: [@cloudflare/wrangler]
• .changeset/warm-assets-recover.md: [@cloudflare/wrangler]
• packages/deploy-helpers/src/deploy/helpers/assets.ts: [@cloudflare/wrangler]
• packages/wrangler/src/tests/deploy/assets.test.ts: [@cloudflare/wrangler]