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Bart Read edited this page Oct 30, 2015
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3 revisions
Overview
Cardinality, in the context of a relational database, for two related tables, describes the kind of relationship that they have with eachother.
For example, for tables A and B, respectively:
One to one (1:1) means one record in A is related to one record in B; we relax this definition to say at most one record in B
One to many (1:N) means one record in A is related to (potentially) many records in B
Many to one (N:1) means (potentially) many records in A relate to one record in B
Many to many (M:N) means (potentially) many records in A relate to (potentially) many records in B
Many to many relationships can't be directly modeled in a relational database so they're generally implemented using a link table. For example, for an M:N relationship between tables A and B we create a link table AB'. The relationship between A and AB' is 1:N, whilst the relationship between AB' and B is N:1. Thus we are able to link many records in A to many records in B using the AB' table.