🌐 GUI-360°

A Comprehensive Dataset And Benchmark For Computer-Using Agents

📄 Paper • 🤗 Dataset

---

📋 Table of Contents

• Introduction
• Installation
• Supported Tasks
• Supported Models
• Benchmark Results
• Data Conversion
• Advanced Usage
• Citation

---

🎯 Introduction

We introduce GUI-360°, a large-scale, comprehensive dataset and benchmark suite designed to advance computer-using agents (CUAs). CUAs present unique challenges and are constrained by three persistent gaps:

1. 🔍 Scarcity of real-world CUA tasks
2. 🔄 Lack of automated collection-and-annotation pipelines for multi-modal trajectories
3. 📊 Absence of unified benchmark that jointly evaluates GUI grounding, screen parsing, and action prediction

🌟 Key Features

GUI-360° addresses these gaps with a large-scale automated pipeline for:

• ✨ Query sourcing
• 🏗️ Environment-template construction
• 🔧 Task instantiation
• ⚡ Batched execution
• 🤖 LLM-driven quality filtering

📦 Dataset Statistics

The released corpus contains:

• 📊 1.2M+ executed action steps across thousands of trajectories
• 💻 Popular Windows office applications (Word, Excel, PowerPoint)
• 🖼️ Full-resolution screenshots
• ♿ Accessibility metadata (when available)
• 🎯 Instantiated goals and reasoning traces
• ✅ Both successful and failed trajectories

🎨 Supported Tasks

Task	Description	Input	Output
🎯 GUI Grounding	Locate UI elements by text	Screenshot + description	Coordinates
🔍 Screen Parsing	Extract UI control information	Screenshot	Structured elements
🤖 Action Prediction	Predict next action	Screenshot + goal + history	Action + args

The dataset supports a hybrid GUI+API action space that reflects modern agent designs. Benchmarking state-of-the-art vision-language models on GUI-360° reveals substantial out-of-the-box shortcomings in grounding and action prediction; supervised fine-tuning yields significant gains.

---

🚀 Installation and Quick Start

1. 📥 Install Dependencies

First, clone the repository and install the required dependencies:

# Clone the repository
git clone <repository_url>
cd GUI360°

# Install Python dependencies
pip install -r requirements.txt

📦 Key dependencies include:

Package	Version	Purpose
PyTorch	>=2.0.0, <2.5.0	Deep learning framework
Transformers	>=4.37.0	Model inference
Pillow	>=8.0.0	Image processing
Azure Storage SDK	latest	Data access
Sentence-Transformers	latest	Screen parsing evaluation
NumPy, einops, etc.	latest	ML utilities

2. 📁 Prepare the Dataset

Download the GUI-360° dataset (use test folder for evaluation) and organize it in the following structure:

test /
├── data/
│   ├── <domain>/                # e.g., word, excel, ppt
│   │   ├── <category>/
│   │   │   └── success/
│   │   │       └── *.jsonl      # Trajectory files
└── image/
    ├── <domain>/
    │   ├── <category>/
    │   │   └── success/
    │   │       └── *.png          # Screenshots

For detailed dataset structure, see GUI-360 Dataset.

3. 🔧 Deploy Your Model (Optional)

If you're using a custom model deployment, set up your model API endpoint. The framework supports:

• ✅ OpenAI API-compatible endpoints (for GPT models)
• ✅ Custom model servers (for open-source models)

Example: Deploy Qwen2.5-VL-7B

# Deploy your model server using vLLM
python -m vllm.entrypoints.openai.api_server \
    --model Qwen/Qwen2.5-VL-7B-Instruct \
    --port 19806

4. 🔑 Configure API Access

For GPT models, configure your OpenAI API credentials by setting environment variables:

# Required: Your OpenAI API key
export OPENAI_API_KEY="sk-your_openai_api_key_here"

# Optional: Custom API base URL (defaults to OpenAI official API)
export OPENAI_BASE_URL="https://api.openai.com/v1"

🔍 Verify Configuration:

# Test your API configuration
python -c "
import os
from openai import OpenAI
client = OpenAI(api_key=os.getenv('OPENAI_API_KEY'))
response = client.chat.completions.create(
    model='gpt-4o-mini',
    messages=[{'role': 'user', 'content': 'Hello!'}],
    max_tokens=10
)
print('✅ OpenAI API configuration successful!')
print(f'Response: {response.choices[0].message.content}')
"

5. ▶️ Run Evaluation

Run the evaluation framework with the desired task and model:

📍 GUI Grounding with GPT-4o

python evaluation.py \
    --root_dir ./test \
    --type grounding \
    --model_type gpt \
    --model_name gpt-4o \
    --threads 5 \
    --output_dir results/grounding

🤖 Action Prediction with Qwen2.5-VL-7B

python evaluation.py \
    --root_dir ./test \
    --type action_prediction \
    --model_type qwen2.5_vl_7b \
    --model_name Qwen/Qwen2.5-VL-7B-Instruct \
    --api_url http://localhost:19806/v1 \
    --threads 5 \
    --output_dir results/action_prediction

🔍 Screen Parsing

python evaluation.py \
    --root_dir ./test \
    --type screen_parsing \
    --model_type gpt \
    --model_name gpt-4o \
    --threads 5 \
    --output_dir results/screen_parsing

6. 🔄 Resume from Previous Results

If evaluation is interrupted, you can resume from error cases:

python evaluation.py \
    --root_dir ./test \
    --type action_prediction \
    --model_type gpt \
    --model_name gpt-4o \
    --resume_from results/evaluation_results_20241231_120000.json \
    --threads 5

---

⚙️ Evaluation Configuration

🎛️ Command-Line Arguments

Argument	Type	Default	Description
--root_dir	str	required	Path to dataset root directory
--type	str	grounding	Evaluation type: grounding, action_prediction, action_prediction_a11y, screen_parsing
--model_type	str	gpt	Model type: qwen2.5_vl_7b, gpt, gui_actor, uground, ui_tars, aguvis, omniparser, mock
--model_name	str	varies	Model name or path
--api_url	str	None	API URL for model inference (e.g., http://localhost:19806/v1)
--max_samples	int	None	Maximum number of samples to evaluate (default: all)
--threads	int	5	Number of threads for parallel evaluation
--output_dir	str	results	Output directory for results
--resume_from	str	None	Path to previous results file to resume from
--no_save	flag	False	Do not save detailed results
--log_level	str	INFO	Logging level: DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR

---

🎯 Supported Tasks

1. 🎯 GUI Grounding

Objective: Locate the precise coordinates of a UI element on screen based on a textual description.

📥 Input

• screenshot_clean: Path to the screenshot image (PNG)
• thought: Text description of the target UI element
• resolution: Screen resolution as (width, height)

📤 Expected Output

• coordinates: A [x, y] tuple representing pixel coordinates of the target element

📊 Evaluation Metrics

Metric	Description
Success Rate	% of samples where predicted coordinates fall within ground truth bounding box
Avg. Execution Time	Mean time per sample (seconds)

💡 Example

{
  "thoughts": "The user wants to click the 'Bold' button in the toolbar",
  "coordinates": [450, 120]
}

---

2. 🔍 Screen Parsing

Objective: Extract structured control information from a screenshot, identifying all UI elements and their properties.

📥 Input

• screenshot_clean: Path to the screenshot image (PNG)
• resolution: Screen resolution as (width, height)

📤 Expected Output

• control_infos: A list of dictionaries, each containing:
  • control_text: Text content of the control
  • control_rect: Bounding box as [left, top, right, bottom]
  • control_type: Type of control (optional)

📊 Evaluation Metrics

Metric	Description
Recall	Ratio of correctly identified controls to total ground truth controls
Precision	Ratio of correctly identified controls to total predicted controls
F1 Score	Harmonic mean of recall and precision
Text Similarity	Average semantic similarity of control text (using Sentence-BERT)
IoU Accuracy	Average Intersection over Union for matched controls
Avg. Execution Time	Mean time per sample (seconds)

💡 Example

[
  {
    "control_text": "Save",
    "control_rect": [100, 50, 150, 80],
    "control_type": "Button"
  },
  {
    "control_text": "Document Title",
    "control_rect": [200, 100, 600, 130],
    "control_type": "TextBox"
  }
]

---

3. 🤖 Action Prediction

Objective: Predict the next action to take given a user instruction, current screenshot, and action history.

📥 Input

• screenshot_clean: Path to the screenshot image (PNG)
• request: User's high-level goal/instruction
• previous_actions: List of previous action descriptions
• resolution: Screen resolution as (width, height)

📤 Expected Output

A structured action with:

• function: Action type (click, type, drag, scroll, hotkey, wait)
• args: Arguments for the action (varies by function)
• status: Execution status (CONTINUE, FINISH)

Supported Actions:

Function	Arguments	Example
click	coordinate, button	{"coordinate": [x, y], "button": "left"}
type	coordinate, keys	{"coordinate": [x, y], "keys": "text"}
drag	start_coordinate, end_coordinate	{"start_coordinate": [x1, y1], "end_coordinate": [x2, y2]}
scroll	coordinate, scroll_direction, scroll_amount	{"coordinate": [x, y], "scroll_direction": "down", "scroll_amount": 3}
hotkey	keys	{"keys": "ctrl+c"}

📊 Evaluation Metrics

Metric	Description
Success Rate	% of samples where function, arguments, and status all match
Function Match Rate	% of correct function predictions
Args Match Rate	% of correct argument predictions (with coordinate tolerance)
Status Match Rate	% of correct status predictions
Avg. Execution Time	Mean time per sample (seconds)

💡 Example

{
  "thoughts": "I need to click the Bold button to make the text bold",
  "tool_call": {
    "function": "click",
    "args": {
      "coordinate": [450, 120],
      "button": "left"
    },
    "status": "CONTINUE"
  }
}

---

4. ♿ Action Prediction with Accessibility (A11y)

Objective: Similar to action prediction, but leverages accessibility tree information for more informed decisions.

📥 Input

• Same as Action Prediction, plus:
• control_infos: Structured accessibility information (UI element metadata)

📤 Expected Output

• Same as Action Prediction

📊 Evaluation Metrics

• Same as Action Prediction

---

🤖 Supported Models

The framework supports multiple vision-language models through a unified interface. Each model can be evaluated on different tasks depending on its capabilities.

📊 Model Capabilities Matrix

Model	🎯 Grounding	🔍 Screen Parsing	🤖 Action Prediction	♿ A11y Action
GPT-4o	✅	✅	✅	✅
GPT-4V	✅	✅	✅	✅
Qwen2.5-VL-7B	✅	✅	✅	✅
GUI-Actor	✅	❌	✅	❌
UGround	✅	❌	❌	❌
UI-TARS	✅	❌	✅	❌
Aguvis-7B-720P	✅	❌	✅	❌
OmniParser	❌	✅	❌	❌

---

📈 Benchmark Results

Below are the benchmark results for various models on the GUI-360° dataset.

1. 🎯 GUI Grounding

Model	Success Rate (%)
GPT-4o	9.38
GPT-4.1	11.44
Qwen2.5-VL-7B	35.78
GUI-Actor	54.50
UGround-7B	53.85
UI-TARS-1.5 7B	62.27
Aguvis-7B	50.50
Qwen2.5-VL-7B-SFT	82.30
UI-TARS-1.5 7B-SFT	82.49

📌 Metric Definitions

• Success Rate: Percentage of samples where predicted coordinates fall within ground truth bounding box

---

2. 🔍 Screen Parsing

Model	Recall (%)	Precision (%)	F1 Score (%)	Text Sim. (%)	IoU Acc. (%)
GPT-4o	1.4	3.4	1.9	14.7	22.9
GPT-4.1	5.7	9.8	6.7	30.6	50.5
o3	11.4	16.0	12.8	45.6	57.8
GPT-5	8.0	11.1	8.9	30.4	56.9
Qwen2.5-VL-7B	1.0	18.1	1.5	11.3	21.1
OmniParser	45.9	41.1	40.6	56.5	73.1
OmniParser v2	46.2	41.3	40.8	56.8	73.5

📌 Metric Definitions

• Recall: Ratio of correctly identified controls to total ground truth controls
• Precision: Ratio of correctly identified controls to total predicted controls
• F1 Score: Harmonic mean of recall and precision
• Text Similarity: Average semantic similarity of control text (using Sentence-BERT)
• IoU Accuracy: Average Intersection over Union for matched controls

---

3. 🤖 Action Prediction (Visual-only)

Model	Success Rate (%)
GPT-4o	3.12
GPT-4.1	2.82
GPT-o3	17.92
GPT-5	8.59
Qwen2.5-VL-7B	17.52
Qwen2.5-VL-7B-SFT	50.08

📌 Metric Definitions

• Success Rate: Percentage of samples where the predicted action matches the ground truth action (considering function, arguments, and execution status)

---

4. ♿ Action Prediction with Accessibility (Visual+A11y)

Model	Success Rate (%)
GPT-4o	36.71
GPT-4.1	39.19
GPT-o3	46.72
GPT-5	34.86
Qwen2.5-VL-7B	14.18
Qwen2.5-VL-7B-SFT	25.78

📌 Metric Definitions

• Success Rate: Same metric as Visual-only Action Prediction
• A11y Advantage: This variant provides accessibility tree information as additional input. GPT models show significant improvement with A11y information, while Qwen2.5-VL-7B-SFT performs better in Visual-only mode.

---

🔧 Model Configuration Guide

🌟 GPT Models (OpenAI API)

🔧 Step 1: Configure API Access

Set your OpenAI API credentials:

# Required: Your OpenAI API key
export OPENAI_API_KEY="sk-your_openai_api_key_here"

# Optional: Custom API base URL (defaults to OpenAI official API)
export OPENAI_BASE_URL="https://api.openai.com/v1"

🚀 Step 2: Run Evaluation Commands

# GPT-4o (recommended for best performance)
python evaluation.py \
    --root_dir /path/to/dataset \
    --type grounding \
    --model_type gpt \
    --model_name gpt-4o \
    --threads 5

# GPT-4o-mini (faster and cheaper)
python evaluation.py \
    --root_dir /path/to/dataset \
    --type action_prediction \
    --model_type gpt \
    --model_name gpt-4o-mini \
    --threads 10

✅ Requirements:

• OpenAI API key configured via environment variable OPENAI_API_KEY
• Internet connection for API access
• Valid OpenAI subscription with sufficient credits

---

🎨 Qwen2.5-VL-7B

Step 1: Deploy Model Server

python -m vllm.entrypoints.openai.api_server \
    --model Qwen/Qwen2.5-VL-7B-Instruct \
    --port 19806

Step 2: Run Evaluation

python evaluation.py \
    --root_dir /path/to/dataset \
    --type action_prediction \
    --model_type qwen2.5_vl_7b \
    --model_name Qwen/Qwen2.5-VL-7B-Instruct \
    --api_url http://localhost:19806/v1 \
    --threads 5

✅ Requirements:

• vLLM or compatible inference server
• GPU with sufficient memory (recommended: 16GB+ VRAM)

---

🔍 OmniParser

⚠️ Important: Before using OmniParser, you need to configure the model paths in evaluation.py.

Step 1: Edit Configuration in evaluation.py (lines 136-144)

config = {
    'som_model_path': '../../weights/icon_detect/model.pt',  # Update this path
    'caption_model_name': 'florence2',
    'caption_model_path': '../../weights/icon_caption_florence',  # Update this path
    'device': 'cuda',  # Or 'cpu' if no GPU available
    'BOX_TRESHOLD': 0.05,
    'host': host,
    'port': port
}

Step 2: Download OmniParser Model Weights

• SOM (Set-of-Mark) model: Place at the path specified in som_model_path
• Caption model (Florence-2): Place at the path specified in caption_model_path

Step 3: Deploy the OmniParser API Server

python omniparser_server.py \
    --som_model_path /path/to/weights/icon_detect/model.pt \
    --caption_model_path /path/to/weights/icon_caption_florence \
    --host 0.0.0.0 \
    --port 7861

Step 4: Run Evaluation

python evaluation.py \
    --root_dir /path/to/dataset \
    --type screen_parsing \
    --model_type omniparser \
    --model_name omniparser-screen-parsing \
    --api_url http://localhost:7861 \
    --threads 5

✅ Requirements:

• OmniParser model weights (SOM and Florence-2 caption model)
• OmniParser API server running
• Model paths configured in evaluation.py ModelFactory class

---

📊 Output Format

📁 Evaluation Results

After evaluation completes, results are saved to the specified output directory:

results/
├── evaluation_results_<timestamp>.json    # Detailed results for all samples
└── evaluation_summary_<timestamp>.json    # Summary statistics

📈 Summary Statistics Include:

• ✅ Total samples evaluated
• 🎯 Success count and rate
• ❌ Error count and rate
• ⏱️ Average execution time
• 📂 Domain and category breakdowns
• 📊 Task-specific metrics (e.g., recall, precision for screen parsing)

💡 Example Summary Output

{
  "total_samples": 1000,
  "success_count": 850,
  "success_rate": 85.0,
  "error_count": 10,
  "error_rate": 1.0,
  "avg_execution_time": 2.35,
  "model_name": "gpt-4o",
  "model_type": "gpt",
  "evaluation_time": "2024-12-31 12:00:00",
  "domain_stats": {
    "word": {
      "total": 400,
      "success": 340,
      "success_rate": 85.0
    },
    "excel": {
      "total": 300,
      "success": 255,
      "success_rate": 85.0
    },
    "ppt": {
      "total": 300,
      "success": 255,
      "success_rate": 85.0
    }
  }
}

---

🔄 Data Conversion for Training

We provide tools to convert the GUI-360° raw dataset into task-specific training formats suitable for vision-language model fine-tuning.

🎯 Supported Training Tasks

Task	Description	Use Case
Action Prediction	Multi-turn conversations with action sequences	Train agents to predict next GUI actions
Action Prediction + A11y	Action prediction with accessibility information	Leverage accessibility trees for better performance
Screen Parsing	Extract UI elements from screenshots	Train models to understand GUI structure
GUI Grounding	Locate UI elements by text descriptions	Train models for GUI element localization

🚀 Quick Start

# Navigate to converter directory
cd convertor

# Convert to action prediction format with image optimization
python convert_to_train.py \
    --root_dir /path/to/GUI360_dataset \
    --output_dir /path/to/training_data \
    --type action_prediction \
    --resize \
    --max_pixels 500000

# Convert to screen parsing format
python convert_to_train.py \
    --root_dir /path/to/GUI360_dataset \
    --output_dir /path/to/training_data \
    --type screen_parsing \
    --resize

📖 For detailed instructions, examples, and advanced options, see convertor/README.md

---

🛠️ Advanced Usage

🔌 Custom Model Integration

To integrate a custom model:

1. Create a new model class in models/ inheriting from BaseModel
2. Implement required methods:
   • predict(system_prompt, user_prompt, image_path, ...)
   • construct_<task>_prompt(...) for each supported task
   • parse_<task>(response) for each supported task
3. Add model factory entry in evaluation.py:

@staticmethod
def _load_custom_model(model_name: str, api_url: str = None):
    from models.custom_model import CustomModel
    return CustomModel(model_name=model_name, api_url=api_url)

4. Update the create_model method to include the new model type

---

⚡ Parallel Evaluation

The framework supports multi-threaded evaluation for faster processing:

python evaluation.py \
    --root_dir /path/to/dataset \
    --type action_prediction \
    --model_type gpt \
    --model_name gpt-4o \
    --threads 20  # Increase for faster evaluation

⚠️ Note: Adjust thread count based on:

• 🚦 API rate limits
• 💻 Available system resources
• 🖥️ Model server capacity

---

🧪 Evaluation on Subset

To evaluate on a limited number of samples (useful for quick testing):

python evaluation.py \
    --root_dir /path/to/dataset \
    --type grounding \
    --model_type gpt \
    --model_name gpt-4o \
    --max_samples 100  # Only evaluate 100 samples

---

📝 Citation

If you use GUI-360° in your research, please cite:

@article{mu2025gui,
  title={GUI-360: A Comprehensive Dataset and Benchmark for Computer-Using Agents},
  author={Mu, Jian and Zhang, Chaoyun and Ni, Chiming and Wang, Lu and Qiao, Bo and Mathur, Kartik and Wu, Qianhui and Xie, Yuhang and Ma, Xiaojun and Zhou, Mengyu and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.04307},
  year={2025}
}

---

📄 License

This project is released under the MIT License. See the LICENSE file for details.