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| 1 | +# Requirements Document |
| 2 | + |
| 3 | +## Introduction |
| 4 | + |
| 5 | +This feature addresses the refactoring of large, complex functions across the TeachLink Rust smart contract codebase. The codebase spans multiple Soroban/ink! contracts including `teachlink`, `insurance`, `documentation`, `marketplace`, `governance`, and supporting modules. Several functions and contract implementations have grown to hundreds of lines, mixing multiple responsibilities, making them difficult to read, test, and maintain. |
| 6 | + |
| 7 | +The goal is to systematically identify overly large or complex functions, decompose them into smaller, single-responsibility units, improve code readability through consistent naming and structure, enhance testability by isolating logic into pure or near-pure helper functions, and add inline documentation to all public and non-trivial private functions. |
| 8 | + |
| 9 | +## Glossary |
| 10 | + |
| 11 | +- **Refactoring_Tool**: The automated or manual process responsible for identifying, decomposing, and documenting functions in the codebase. |
| 12 | +- **Target_Function**: A function identified as a candidate for refactoring based on complexity or size thresholds. |
| 13 | +- **Helper_Function**: A smaller, focused function extracted from a Target_Function to handle a single sub-responsibility. |
| 14 | +- **Complexity_Threshold**: The measurable criteria used to identify a Target_Function (e.g., line count, cyclomatic complexity, number of responsibilities). |
| 15 | +- **Doc_Comment**: An inline Rust documentation comment (`///`) attached to a function, struct, or module. |
| 16 | +- **Contract_Module**: A Rust source file or module within the `contracts/` directory (e.g., `insurance/src/lib.rs`, `teachlink/src/lib.rs`). |
| 17 | +- **Test_Suite**: The collection of unit and integration tests associated with a Contract_Module. |
| 18 | +- **Single_Responsibility**: The principle that a function performs exactly one well-defined task. |
| 19 | +- **Pure_Function**: A function with no side effects whose output depends only on its inputs. |
| 20 | +- **Cyclomatic_Complexity**: A quantitative measure of the number of linearly independent paths through a function's source code. |
| 21 | + |
| 22 | +--- |
| 23 | + |
| 24 | +## Requirements |
| 25 | + |
| 26 | +### Requirement 1: Identify Refactoring Candidates |
| 27 | + |
| 28 | +**User Story:** As a developer, I want to identify all functions that exceed complexity or size thresholds, so that I have a clear, prioritized list of refactoring targets. |
| 29 | + |
| 30 | +#### Acceptance Criteria |
| 31 | + |
| 32 | +1. THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL identify all functions in Contract_Modules that exceed 50 lines of code. |
| 33 | +2. THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL identify all functions in Contract_Modules with a Cyclomatic_Complexity score greater than 10. |
| 34 | +3. THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL identify all functions that handle more than one distinct responsibility (e.g., validation, storage mutation, and token transfer within a single function body). |
| 35 | +4. WHEN identification is complete, THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL produce a prioritized list of Target_Functions ordered by descending line count and Cyclomatic_Complexity. |
| 36 | +5. THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL include the Contract_Module path, function name, line count, and estimated Cyclomatic_Complexity for each entry in the prioritized list. |
| 37 | + |
| 38 | +--- |
| 39 | + |
| 40 | +### Requirement 2: Decompose Large Functions |
| 41 | + |
| 42 | +**User Story:** As a developer, I want large functions broken into smaller, focused Helper_Functions, so that each unit of code has a Single_Responsibility and is easier to understand. |
| 43 | + |
| 44 | +#### Acceptance Criteria |
| 45 | + |
| 46 | +1. WHEN a Target_Function is refactored, THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL extract each distinct responsibility into a separate Helper_Function. |
| 47 | +2. THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL ensure each Helper_Function does not exceed 30 lines of code. |
| 48 | +3. THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL ensure each Helper_Function has a Cyclomatic_Complexity score of 5 or less. |
| 49 | +4. WHEN a Target_Function is decomposed, THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL preserve the original function's public signature so that existing callers require no changes. |
| 50 | +5. WHEN a Target_Function is decomposed, THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL ensure the refactored code produces identical outputs for all inputs that were valid before refactoring. |
| 51 | +6. IF a Helper_Function operates only on its input parameters and returns a value without accessing external state, THEN THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL declare it as a Pure_Function (i.e., a `fn` with no `Env` or storage access). |
| 52 | +7. THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL apply decomposition to all identified Target_Functions across all Contract_Modules, including `contracts/insurance/src/lib.rs`, `contracts/teachlink/src/lib.rs`, and all modules under `contracts/teachlink/src/`. |
| 53 | + |
| 54 | +--- |
| 55 | + |
| 56 | +### Requirement 3: Preserve Behavioral Correctness |
| 57 | + |
| 58 | +**User Story:** As a developer, I want refactored functions to behave identically to the originals, so that no regressions are introduced during the refactoring process. |
| 59 | + |
| 60 | +#### Acceptance Criteria |
| 61 | + |
| 62 | +1. WHEN a Target_Function is refactored, THE Test_Suite SHALL pass all pre-existing tests without modification to test assertions. |
| 63 | +2. THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL not alter the return type or error variants of any public function during decomposition. |
| 64 | +3. THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL not alter the storage keys read or written by any Contract_Module during decomposition. |
| 65 | +4. IF a Target_Function emits contract events, THEN THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL ensure the refactored version emits the same events with the same data. |
| 66 | +5. FOR ALL valid inputs to a Target_Function before refactoring, the refactored function SHALL produce an equivalent result (round-trip behavioral equivalence property). |
| 67 | + |
| 68 | +--- |
| 69 | + |
| 70 | +### Requirement 4: Improve Code Readability |
| 71 | + |
| 72 | +**User Story:** As a developer, I want refactored code to follow consistent naming and structural conventions, so that the codebase is easier to navigate and understand. |
| 73 | + |
| 74 | +#### Acceptance Criteria |
| 75 | + |
| 76 | +1. THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL name each Helper_Function using a verb-noun pattern that describes its single action (e.g., `validate_risk_factors`, `calculate_weighted_score`, `transfer_premium`). |
| 77 | +2. THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL group related Helper_Functions within the same `impl` block or module as the Target_Function they were extracted from. |
| 78 | +3. THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL remove dead code, unused variables, and redundant comments identified during decomposition. |
| 79 | +4. WHEN a Target_Function contains inline magic numbers or string literals, THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL extract them into named constants with descriptive identifiers. |
| 80 | +5. THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL ensure all refactored files compile without warnings under `cargo clippy` with the project's existing clippy configuration. |
| 81 | + |
| 82 | +--- |
| 83 | + |
| 84 | +### Requirement 5: Enhance Testability |
| 85 | + |
| 86 | +**User Story:** As a developer, I want refactored Helper_Functions to be independently testable, so that unit tests can target individual logic units without requiring full contract setup. |
| 87 | + |
| 88 | +#### Acceptance Criteria |
| 89 | + |
| 90 | +1. WHEN a Helper_Function is a Pure_Function, THE Test_Suite SHALL include at least one unit test that calls the Helper_Function directly without constructing a Soroban `Env`. |
| 91 | +2. THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL ensure that validation logic (e.g., bounds checking, input sanitization) is extracted into dedicated Helper_Functions that accept only primitive or struct inputs. |
| 92 | +3. THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL ensure that calculation logic (e.g., premium computation, risk scoring, royalty splits) is extracted into dedicated Pure_Functions. |
| 93 | +4. WHEN a calculation Helper_Function is extracted, THE Test_Suite SHALL include a property-based test verifying that the function's output remains within its documented valid range for all valid inputs. |
| 94 | +5. THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL ensure that storage access logic is isolated from business logic so that business logic functions can be tested without storage mocking. |
| 95 | + |
| 96 | +--- |
| 97 | + |
| 98 | +### Requirement 6: Add Inline Documentation |
| 99 | + |
| 100 | +**User Story:** As a developer, I want all public and non-trivial private functions to have Doc_Comments, so that the codebase is self-documenting and easier to onboard new contributors. |
| 101 | + |
| 102 | +#### Acceptance Criteria |
| 103 | + |
| 104 | +1. THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL add a `///` Doc_Comment to every public function in all Contract_Modules that does not already have one. |
| 105 | +2. THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL add a `///` Doc_Comment to every Helper_Function extracted during decomposition. |
| 106 | +3. WHEN a Doc_Comment is added to a function, THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL include a one-sentence description of the function's purpose, its parameters (using `# Arguments` section), and its return value or error variants (using `# Returns` and `# Errors` sections) where applicable. |
| 107 | +4. THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL add module-level `//!` documentation to any Contract_Module file that lacks it, describing the module's overall responsibility. |
| 108 | +5. WHEN a function has non-obvious preconditions or invariants, THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL document them in a `# Panics` or `# Preconditions` section within the Doc_Comment. |
| 109 | +6. THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL ensure all Doc_Comments are valid Rust documentation syntax and do not produce warnings under `cargo doc`. |
| 110 | + |
| 111 | +--- |
| 112 | + |
| 113 | +### Requirement 7: Maintain Contract Interface Stability |
| 114 | + |
| 115 | +**User Story:** As a developer, I want the public contract interface to remain unchanged after refactoring, so that deployed clients and external integrations are not broken. |
| 116 | + |
| 117 | +#### Acceptance Criteria |
| 118 | + |
| 119 | +1. THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL not rename, remove, or change the parameter types of any `#[contractimpl]` public function during refactoring. |
| 120 | +2. THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL not change the `#[contracttype]` definitions of any types used in public function signatures. |
| 121 | +3. WHEN refactoring a Soroban contract, THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL ensure the contract compiles to a valid WASM artifact with `cargo build --target wasm32-unknown-unknown --release`. |
| 122 | +4. THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL not introduce new public functions into `#[contractimpl]` blocks unless they are explicitly required to support decomposition of a Target_Function. |
| 123 | +5. IF a Contract_Module has existing test snapshots (e.g., in `test_snapshots/`), THEN THE Refactoring_Tool SHALL ensure all snapshot tests continue to pass after refactoring. |
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