diff --git a/.appveyor.yml b/.appveyor.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index e6f7bf48..00000000
--- a/.appveyor.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-# appveyor.yml - https://www.appveyor.com/docs/lang/python
-# https://www.appveyor.com/docs/windows-images-software/#visual-studio-2022
----
-image: Visual Studio 2022
-environment:
-  matrix:
-    - PY_PYTHON: 2.7
-      TOXENV: py27-base
-    - PY_PYTHON: 2.7
-      TOXENV: py27-optional
-    - PY_PYTHON: 3.7
-      TOXENV: py37-base
-    - PY_PYTHON: 3.7
-      TOXENV: py37-optional
-
-install:
-  - git submodule update --init --recursive
-  - py --list
-  - py -VV
-  - py -m pip install --upgrade pip
-  - py -m pip install tox
-
-build: off
-
-test_script:
-  - py -m tox
-
-after_test:
-  - py debug-info.py
diff --git a/.github/workflows/python-tox.yml b/.github/workflows/python-tox.yml
index 5ed83175..0912abb3 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/python-tox.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/python-tox.yml
@@ -12,9 +12,6 @@ jobs:
         os: [ubuntu-latest, windows-latest]
         deps: [base, optional]
         include:
-          - python: "pypy-2.7"
-            os: ubuntu-latest
-            deps: base
           - python: "pypy-3.10"
             os: ubuntu-latest
             deps: base
diff --git a/README.rst b/README.rst
index 6a623a43..befc7aaa 100644
--- a/README.rst
+++ b/README.rst
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ or:
 
 By default, the ``document`` will be an ``xml.etree`` element instance.
 Whenever possible, html5lib chooses the accelerated ``ElementTree``
-implementation (i.e. ``xml.etree.cElementTree`` on Python 2.x).
+implementation.
 
 Two other tree types are supported: ``xml.dom.minidom`` and
 ``lxml.etree``. To use an alternative format, specify the name of
@@ -41,18 +41,6 @@ a treebuilder:
   with open("mydocument.html", "rb") as f:
       lxml_etree_document = html5lib.parse(f, treebuilder="lxml")
 
-When using with ``urllib2`` (Python 2), the charset from HTTP should be
-pass into html5lib as follows:
-
-.. code-block:: python
-
-  from contextlib import closing
-  from urllib2 import urlopen
-  import html5lib
-
-  with closing(urlopen("http://example.com/")) as f:
-      document = html5lib.parse(f, transport_encoding=f.info().getparam("charset"))
-
 When using with ``urllib.request`` (Python 3), the charset from HTTP
 should be pass into html5lib as follows:
 
@@ -90,7 +78,7 @@ More documentation is available at https://html5lib.readthedocs.io/.
 Installation
 ------------
 
-html5lib works on CPython 2.7+, CPython 3.5+ and PyPy. To install:
+html5lib works on CPython 3.8+ and PyPy. To install:
 
 .. code-block:: bash
 
diff --git a/debug-info.py b/debug-info.py
index b47b8ebf..7e1b6fd0 100644
--- a/debug-info.py
+++ b/debug-info.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import print_function, unicode_literals
 
 import platform
 import sys
diff --git a/doc/conf.py b/doc/conf.py
index d5a1e863..66defcce 100644
--- a/doc/conf.py
+++ b/doc/conf.py
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 #
 # html5lib documentation build configuration file, created by
 # sphinx-quickstart on Wed May  8 00:04:49 2013.
@@ -100,7 +99,7 @@
 }
 
 
-class CExtMock(object):
+class CExtMock:
     """Required for autodoc on readthedocs.org where you cannot build C extensions."""
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         pass
diff --git a/html5lib/__init__.py b/html5lib/__init__.py
index 7b854f99..d2c68855 100644
--- a/html5lib/__init__.py
+++ b/html5lib/__init__.py
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
 * :func:`~.serializer.serialize`
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 from .html5parser import HTMLParser, parse, parseFragment
 from .treebuilders import getTreeBuilder
diff --git a/html5lib/_ihatexml.py b/html5lib/_ihatexml.py
index d725eabd..f5b6e1f4 100644
--- a/html5lib/_ihatexml.py
+++ b/html5lib/_ihatexml.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 import re
 import warnings
@@ -181,7 +180,7 @@ def escapeRegexp(string):
 nonPubidCharRegexp = re.compile("[^\x20\x0D\x0Aa-zA-Z0-9\\-'()+,./:=?;!*#@$_%]")
 
 
-class InfosetFilter(object):
+class InfosetFilter:
     replacementRegexp = re.compile(r"U[\dA-F]{5,5}")
 
     def __init__(self,
diff --git a/html5lib/_inputstream.py b/html5lib/_inputstream.py
index a93b5a4e..54c5c498 100644
--- a/html5lib/_inputstream.py
+++ b/html5lib/_inputstream.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 from six import text_type
 from six.moves import http_client, urllib
@@ -48,7 +47,7 @@
 charsUntilRegEx = {}
 
 
-class BufferedStream(object):
+class BufferedStream:
     """Buffering for streams that do not have buffering of their own
 
     The buffer is implemented as a list of chunks on the assumption that
@@ -145,7 +144,7 @@ def HTMLInputStream(source, **kwargs):
         return HTMLBinaryInputStream(source, **kwargs)
 
 
-class HTMLUnicodeInputStream(object):
+class HTMLUnicodeInputStream:
     """Provides a unicode stream of characters to the HTMLTokenizer.
 
     This class takes care of character encoding and removing or replacing
@@ -673,7 +672,7 @@ def jumpTo(self, bytes):
         return True
 
 
-class EncodingParser(object):
+class EncodingParser:
     """Mini parser for detecting character encoding from meta elements"""
 
     def __init__(self, data):
@@ -861,7 +860,7 @@ def getAttribute(self):
                 attrValue.append(c)
 
 
-class ContentAttrParser(object):
+class ContentAttrParser:
     def __init__(self, data):
         assert isinstance(data, bytes)
         self.data = data
diff --git a/html5lib/_tokenizer.py b/html5lib/_tokenizer.py
index 4748a197..782310ec 100644
--- a/html5lib/_tokenizer.py
+++ b/html5lib/_tokenizer.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 from six import unichr as chr
 
@@ -24,7 +23,7 @@
     attributeMap = OrderedDict
 
 
-class HTMLTokenizer(object):
+class HTMLTokenizer:
     """ This class takes care of tokenizing HTML.
 
     * self.currentToken
diff --git a/html5lib/_trie/__init__.py b/html5lib/_trie/__init__.py
index 07bad5d3..df8912a0 100644
--- a/html5lib/_trie/__init__.py
+++ b/html5lib/_trie/__init__.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 from .py import Trie
 
diff --git a/html5lib/_trie/_base.py b/html5lib/_trie/_base.py
index 6b71975f..63927ee4 100644
--- a/html5lib/_trie/_base.py
+++ b/html5lib/_trie/_base.py
@@ -1,9 +1,5 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
-try:
-    from collections.abc import Mapping
-except ImportError:  # Python 2.7
-    from collections import Mapping
+from collections.abc import Mapping
 
 
 class Trie(Mapping):
diff --git a/html5lib/_trie/py.py b/html5lib/_trie/py.py
index c2ba3da7..92f6f861 100644
--- a/html5lib/_trie/py.py
+++ b/html5lib/_trie/py.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 from six import text_type
 
 from bisect import bisect_left
diff --git a/html5lib/_utils.py b/html5lib/_utils.py
index 7e23ee57..2e74c07f 100644
--- a/html5lib/_utils.py
+++ b/html5lib/_utils.py
@@ -1,11 +1,7 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 from types import ModuleType
 
-try:
-    from collections.abc import Mapping
-except ImportError:
-    from collections import Mapping
+from collections.abc import Mapping
 
 from six import text_type, PY3
 
@@ -13,7 +9,7 @@
     import xml.etree.ElementTree as default_etree
 else:
     try:
-        import xml.etree.cElementTree as default_etree
+        import xml.etree.ElementTree as default_etree
     except ImportError:
         import xml.etree.ElementTree as default_etree
 
@@ -122,7 +118,7 @@ def moduleFactoryFactory(factory):
     moduleCache = {}
 
     def moduleFactory(baseModule, *args, **kwargs):
-        if isinstance(ModuleType.__name__, type("")):
+        if isinstance(ModuleType.__name__, str):
             name = "_%s_factory" % baseModule.__name__
         else:
             name = b"_%s_factory" % baseModule.__name__
diff --git a/html5lib/constants.py b/html5lib/constants.py
index 2fa4146d..a4b1efa1 100644
--- a/html5lib/constants.py
+++ b/html5lib/constants.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 import string
 
diff --git a/html5lib/filters/alphabeticalattributes.py b/html5lib/filters/alphabeticalattributes.py
index 5ba926e3..c0be95b2 100644
--- a/html5lib/filters/alphabeticalattributes.py
+++ b/html5lib/filters/alphabeticalattributes.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 from . import base
 
diff --git a/html5lib/filters/base.py b/html5lib/filters/base.py
index c7dbaed0..6d6639e6 100644
--- a/html5lib/filters/base.py
+++ b/html5lib/filters/base.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 
-class Filter(object):
+class Filter:
     def __init__(self, source):
         self.source = source
 
diff --git a/html5lib/filters/inject_meta_charset.py b/html5lib/filters/inject_meta_charset.py
index aefb5c84..c8dc57b8 100644
--- a/html5lib/filters/inject_meta_charset.py
+++ b/html5lib/filters/inject_meta_charset.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 from . import base
 
diff --git a/html5lib/filters/lint.py b/html5lib/filters/lint.py
index acd4d7a2..cd7a6a43 100644
--- a/html5lib/filters/lint.py
+++ b/html5lib/filters/lint.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 from six import text_type
 
diff --git a/html5lib/filters/optionaltags.py b/html5lib/filters/optionaltags.py
index 4a865012..a44b2a00 100644
--- a/html5lib/filters/optionaltags.py
+++ b/html5lib/filters/optionaltags.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 from . import base
 
diff --git a/html5lib/filters/sanitizer.py b/html5lib/filters/sanitizer.py
index ea2c5dd3..2dc4583d 100644
--- a/html5lib/filters/sanitizer.py
+++ b/html5lib/filters/sanitizer.py
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 if Bleach is unsuitable for your needs.
 
 """
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 import re
 import warnings
diff --git a/html5lib/filters/whitespace.py b/html5lib/filters/whitespace.py
index 0d12584b..ab40ef5a 100644
--- a/html5lib/filters/whitespace.py
+++ b/html5lib/filters/whitespace.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 import re
 
diff --git a/html5lib/html5parser.py b/html5lib/html5parser.py
index b3c206d1..3fe78b6b 100644
--- a/html5lib/html5parser.py
+++ b/html5lib/html5parser.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 from six import viewkeys
 
 from . import _inputstream
@@ -69,7 +68,7 @@ def parseFragment(doc, container="div", treebuilder="etree", namespaceHTMLElemen
     return p.parseFragment(doc, container=container, **kwargs)
 
 
-class HTMLParser(object):
+class HTMLParser:
     """HTML parser
 
     Generates a tree structure from a stream of (possibly malformed) HTML.
@@ -397,7 +396,7 @@ def parseRCDataRawtext(self, token, contentType):
         self.phase = self.phases["text"]
 
 
-class Phase(object):
+class Phase:
     """Base class for helper object that implements each phase of processing
     """
     __slots__ = ("parser", "tree", "__startTagCache", "__endTagCache")
@@ -428,7 +427,7 @@ def processSpaceCharacters(self, token):
     def processStartTag(self, token):
         # Note the caching is done here rather than BoundMethodDispatcher as doing it there
         # requires a circular reference to the Phase, and this ends up with a significant
-        # (CPython 2.7, 3.8) GC cost when parsing many short inputs
+        # (CPython 3.8) GC cost when parsing many short inputs
         name = token["name"]
         # In Py2, using `in` is quicker in general than try/except KeyError
         # In Py3, `in` is quicker when there are few cache hits (typically short inputs)
@@ -455,7 +454,7 @@ def startTagHtml(self, token):
     def processEndTag(self, token):
         # Note the caching is done here rather than BoundMethodDispatcher as doing it there
         # requires a circular reference to the Phase, and this ends up with a significant
-        # (CPython 2.7, 3.8) GC cost when parsing many short inputs
+        # (CPython 3.8) GC cost when parsing many short inputs
         name = token["name"]
         # In Py2, using `in` is quicker in general than try/except KeyError
         # In Py3, `in` is quicker when there are few cache hits (typically short inputs)
diff --git a/html5lib/serializer.py b/html5lib/serializer.py
index a171ac1c..34f1b7e3 100644
--- a/html5lib/serializer.py
+++ b/html5lib/serializer.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 from six import text_type
 
 import re
@@ -101,7 +100,7 @@ def serialize(input, tree="etree", encoding=None, **serializer_opts):
     return s.render(walker(input), encoding)
 
 
-class HTMLSerializer(object):
+class HTMLSerializer:
 
     # attribute quoting options
     quote_attr_values = "legacy"  # be secure by default
diff --git a/html5lib/tests/__init__.py b/html5lib/tests/__init__.py
index b8ce2de3..e69de29b 100644
--- a/html5lib/tests/__init__.py
+++ b/html5lib/tests/__init__.py
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
diff --git a/html5lib/tests/conftest.py b/html5lib/tests/conftest.py
index fffeb50c..de9b1572 100644
--- a/html5lib/tests/conftest.py
+++ b/html5lib/tests/conftest.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import print_function
 import os.path
 import sys
 
@@ -54,7 +53,7 @@ def pytest_configure(config):
         # Check for optional requirements
         req_file = os.path.join(_root, "requirements-optional.txt")
         if os.path.exists(req_file):
-            with open(req_file, "r") as fp:
+            with open(req_file) as fp:
                 for line in fp:
                     if (line.strip() and
                         not (line.startswith("-r") or
@@ -79,7 +78,7 @@ def pytest_configure(config):
         import xml.etree.ElementTree as ElementTree
 
         try:
-            import xml.etree.cElementTree as cElementTree
+            import xml.etree.ElementTree as cElementTree
         except ImportError:
             msgs.append("cElementTree unable to be imported")
         else:
diff --git a/html5lib/tests/sanitizer.py b/html5lib/tests/sanitizer.py
index 16e53868..93ad4f52 100644
--- a/html5lib/tests/sanitizer.py
+++ b/html5lib/tests/sanitizer.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 import codecs
 import json
diff --git a/html5lib/tests/support.py b/html5lib/tests/support.py
index 1bd0ccc1..3a6f37c2 100644
--- a/html5lib/tests/support.py
+++ b/html5lib/tests/support.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 # pylint:disable=wrong-import-position
 
@@ -86,7 +85,7 @@ def __getitem__(self, key):
         return dict.get(self, key, self.default)
 
 
-class TestData(object):
+class TestData:
     def __init__(self, filename, newTestHeading="data", encoding="utf8"):
         if encoding is None:
             self.f = open(filename, mode="rb")
diff --git a/html5lib/tests/test_alphabeticalattributes.py b/html5lib/tests/test_alphabeticalattributes.py
index 7d5b8e0f..87beb8f1 100644
--- a/html5lib/tests/test_alphabeticalattributes.py
+++ b/html5lib/tests/test_alphabeticalattributes.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 from collections import OrderedDict
 
diff --git a/html5lib/tests/test_encoding.py b/html5lib/tests/test_encoding.py
index 47c4814a..10b666da 100644
--- a/html5lib/tests/test_encoding.py
+++ b/html5lib/tests/test_encoding.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 import os
 
@@ -9,7 +8,7 @@
 
 
 def test_basic_prescan_length():
-    data = "
Caf\u00E9".encode('utf-8')
+    data = "Caf\u00E9".encode()
     pad = 1024 - len(data) + 1
     data = data.replace(b"-a-", b"-" + (b"a" * pad) + b"-")
     assert len(data) == 1024  # Sanity
@@ -18,7 +17,7 @@ def test_basic_prescan_length():
 
 
 def test_parser_reparse():
-    data = "Caf\u00E9".encode('utf-8')
+    data = "Caf\u00E9".encode()
     pad = 10240 - len(data) + 1
     data = data.replace(b"-a-", b"-" + (b"a" * pad) + b"-")
     assert len(data) == 10240  # Sanity
diff --git a/html5lib/tests/test_meta.py b/html5lib/tests/test_meta.py
index e02268aa..aa7e35e2 100644
--- a/html5lib/tests/test_meta.py
+++ b/html5lib/tests/test_meta.py
@@ -1,10 +1,6 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 import six
-try:
-    from unittest.mock import Mock
-except ImportError:
-    from mock import Mock
+from unittest.mock import Mock
 
 from . import support
 
diff --git a/html5lib/tests/test_optionaltags_filter.py b/html5lib/tests/test_optionaltags_filter.py
index cd282149..180a109e 100644
--- a/html5lib/tests/test_optionaltags_filter.py
+++ b/html5lib/tests/test_optionaltags_filter.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 from html5lib.filters.optionaltags import Filter
 
diff --git a/html5lib/tests/test_parser2.py b/html5lib/tests/test_parser2.py
index 6b464bea..f30595b4 100644
--- a/html5lib/tests/test_parser2.py
+++ b/html5lib/tests/test_parser2.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 from six import PY2, text_type
 
diff --git a/html5lib/tests/test_sanitizer.py b/html5lib/tests/test_sanitizer.py
index 499310b6..562ee7fa 100644
--- a/html5lib/tests/test_sanitizer.py
+++ b/html5lib/tests/test_sanitizer.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 import warnings
 
diff --git a/html5lib/tests/test_serializer.py b/html5lib/tests/test_serializer.py
index a2be0be5..5c225790 100644
--- a/html5lib/tests/test_serializer.py
+++ b/html5lib/tests/test_serializer.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 import os
 import json
diff --git a/html5lib/tests/test_stream.py b/html5lib/tests/test_stream.py
index efe9b472..7dce2b1d 100644
--- a/html5lib/tests/test_stream.py
+++ b/html5lib/tests/test_stream.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 from . import support  # noqa
 
@@ -105,7 +104,7 @@ def test_char_ascii():
 
 
 def test_char_utf8():
-    stream = HTMLInputStream('\u2018'.encode('utf-8'), override_encoding='utf-8')
+    stream = HTMLInputStream('\u2018'.encode(), override_encoding='utf-8')
     assert stream.charEncoding[0].name == 'utf-8'
     assert stream.char() == '\u2018'
 
@@ -186,7 +185,7 @@ def test_python_issue_20007():
     Make sure we have a work-around for Python bug #20007
     http://bugs.python.org/issue20007
     """
-    class FakeSocket(object):
+    class FakeSocket:
         def makefile(self, _mode, _bufsize=None):
             # pylint:disable=unused-argument
             return BytesIO(b"HTTP/1.1 200 Ok\r\n\r\nText")
@@ -205,7 +204,7 @@ def test_python_issue_20007_b():
     if six.PY2:
         return
 
-    class FakeSocket(object):
+    class FakeSocket:
         def makefile(self, _mode, _bufsize=None):
             # pylint:disable=unused-argument
             return BytesIO(b"HTTP/1.1 200 Ok\r\n\r\nText")
diff --git a/html5lib/tests/test_tokenizer2.py b/html5lib/tests/test_tokenizer2.py
index 158d847a..f8a74eee 100644
--- a/html5lib/tests/test_tokenizer2.py
+++ b/html5lib/tests/test_tokenizer2.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 import io
 
diff --git a/html5lib/tests/test_treeadapters.py b/html5lib/tests/test_treeadapters.py
index 95e56c00..3af383c3 100644
--- a/html5lib/tests/test_treeadapters.py
+++ b/html5lib/tests/test_treeadapters.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 from . import support  # noqa
 
diff --git a/html5lib/tests/test_treewalkers.py b/html5lib/tests/test_treewalkers.py
index 780ca964..89e20dab 100644
--- a/html5lib/tests/test_treewalkers.py
+++ b/html5lib/tests/test_treewalkers.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 import itertools
 import sys
@@ -74,11 +73,11 @@ def param_treewalker_six_mix():
     # fragment but not using the u'' syntax nor importing unicode_literals
     sm_tests = [
         ('Example',
-         [(str('class'), str('test123'))],
+         [('class', 'test123')],
          '\n  class="test123"\n  href="http://example.com"\n  "Example"'),
 
         ('',
-         [(str('rel'), str('alternate'))],
+         [('rel', 'alternate')],
          '\n  href="http://example.com/cow"\n  rel="alternate"\n  "Example"')
     ]
 
diff --git a/html5lib/tests/test_whitespace_filter.py b/html5lib/tests/test_whitespace_filter.py
index e9da6140..d4e4e3be 100644
--- a/html5lib/tests/test_whitespace_filter.py
+++ b/html5lib/tests/test_whitespace_filter.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 from html5lib.filters.whitespace import Filter
 from html5lib.constants import spaceCharacters
diff --git a/html5lib/tests/tokenizer.py b/html5lib/tests/tokenizer.py
index b49d2e6e..9ba19b16 100644
--- a/html5lib/tests/tokenizer.py
+++ b/html5lib/tests/tokenizer.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 import codecs
 import json
@@ -12,7 +11,7 @@
 from html5lib import constants, _utils
 
 
-class TokenizerTestParser(object):
+class TokenizerTestParser:
     def __init__(self, initialState, lastStartTag=None):
         self.tokenizer = HTMLTokenizer
         self._state = initialState
diff --git a/html5lib/tests/tokenizertotree.py b/html5lib/tests/tokenizertotree.py
index 42463f32..6c0b4f77 100644
--- a/html5lib/tests/tokenizertotree.py
+++ b/html5lib/tests/tokenizertotree.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 import sys
 import os
@@ -25,7 +24,7 @@ def main(out_path):
 
 def run_file(filename, out_path):
     try:
-        tests_data = json.load(open(filename, "r"))
+        tests_data = json.load(open(filename))
     except ValueError:
         sys.stderr.write("Failed to load %s\n" % filename)
         return
diff --git a/html5lib/tests/tree_construction.py b/html5lib/tests/tree_construction.py
index 363b48c2..e2381754 100644
--- a/html5lib/tests/tree_construction.py
+++ b/html5lib/tests/tree_construction.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 import itertools
 import re
diff --git a/html5lib/treeadapters/__init__.py b/html5lib/treeadapters/__init__.py
index dfeb0ba5..1444fc9a 100644
--- a/html5lib/treeadapters/__init__.py
+++ b/html5lib/treeadapters/__init__.py
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
    genshi_tree = genshi.to_genshi(TreeWalker(tree))
 
 """
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 from . import sax
 
diff --git a/html5lib/treeadapters/genshi.py b/html5lib/treeadapters/genshi.py
index 61d5fb6a..b0b29ed3 100644
--- a/html5lib/treeadapters/genshi.py
+++ b/html5lib/treeadapters/genshi.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 from genshi.core import QName, Attrs
 from genshi.core import START, END, TEXT, COMMENT, DOCTYPE
diff --git a/html5lib/treeadapters/sax.py b/html5lib/treeadapters/sax.py
index f4ccea5a..ead1a5c4 100644
--- a/html5lib/treeadapters/sax.py
+++ b/html5lib/treeadapters/sax.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 from xml.sax.xmlreader import AttributesNSImpl
 
diff --git a/html5lib/treebuilders/__init__.py b/html5lib/treebuilders/__init__.py
index d44447ea..90aad5fb 100644
--- a/html5lib/treebuilders/__init__.py
+++ b/html5lib/treebuilders/__init__.py
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@
 
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 from .._utils import default_etree
 
diff --git a/html5lib/treebuilders/base.py b/html5lib/treebuilders/base.py
index 020d7e15..125ed82c 100644
--- a/html5lib/treebuilders/base.py
+++ b/html5lib/treebuilders/base.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 from six import text_type
 
 from ..constants import scopingElements, tableInsertModeElements, namespaces
@@ -20,7 +19,7 @@
 }
 
 
-class Node(object):
+class Node:
     """Represents an item in the tree"""
     def __init__(self, name):
         """Creates a Node
@@ -144,7 +143,7 @@ def nodesEqual(self, node1, node2):
         return True
 
 
-class TreeBuilder(object):
+class TreeBuilder:
     """Base treebuilder implementation
 
     * documentClass - the class to use for the bottommost node of a document
diff --git a/html5lib/treebuilders/dom.py b/html5lib/treebuilders/dom.py
index d8b53004..bc56c708 100644
--- a/html5lib/treebuilders/dom.py
+++ b/html5lib/treebuilders/dom.py
@@ -1,10 +1,6 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 
-try:
-    from collections.abc import MutableMapping
-except ImportError:  # Python 2.7
-    from collections import MutableMapping
+from collections.abc import MutableMapping
 from xml.dom import minidom, Node
 import weakref
 
diff --git a/html5lib/treebuilders/etree.py b/html5lib/treebuilders/etree.py
index 0b745081..bd20b957 100644
--- a/html5lib/treebuilders/etree.py
+++ b/html5lib/treebuilders/etree.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 # pylint:disable=protected-access
 
 from six import text_type
diff --git a/html5lib/treebuilders/etree_lxml.py b/html5lib/treebuilders/etree_lxml.py
index e73de61a..3e88d76e 100644
--- a/html5lib/treebuilders/etree_lxml.py
+++ b/html5lib/treebuilders/etree_lxml.py
@@ -9,17 +9,13 @@
 When any of these things occur, we emit a DataLossWarning
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 # pylint:disable=protected-access
 
 import warnings
 import re
 import sys
 
-try:
-    from collections.abc import MutableMapping
-except ImportError:
-    from collections import MutableMapping
+from collections.abc import MutableMapping
 
 from . import base
 from ..constants import DataLossWarning
@@ -37,14 +33,14 @@
 comment_type = etree.Comment("asd").tag
 
 
-class DocumentType(object):
+class DocumentType:
     def __init__(self, name, publicId, systemId):
         self.name = name
         self.publicId = publicId
         self.systemId = systemId
 
 
-class Document(object):
+class Document:
     def __init__(self):
         self._elementTree = None
         self._childNodes = []
diff --git a/html5lib/treewalkers/__init__.py b/html5lib/treewalkers/__init__.py
index b2d3aac3..b78d6f46 100644
--- a/html5lib/treewalkers/__init__.py
+++ b/html5lib/treewalkers/__init__.py
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 returns an iterator which generates tokens.
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 from .. import constants
 from .._utils import default_etree
diff --git a/html5lib/treewalkers/base.py b/html5lib/treewalkers/base.py
index 80c474c4..7ee75d81 100644
--- a/html5lib/treewalkers/base.py
+++ b/html5lib/treewalkers/base.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 from xml.dom import Node
 from ..constants import namespaces, voidElements, spaceCharacters
@@ -17,7 +16,7 @@
 spaceCharacters = "".join(spaceCharacters)
 
 
-class TreeWalker(object):
+class TreeWalker:
     """Walks a tree yielding tokens
 
     Tokens are dicts that all have a ``type`` field specifying the type of the
diff --git a/html5lib/treewalkers/dom.py b/html5lib/treewalkers/dom.py
index b0c89b00..85e12505 100644
--- a/html5lib/treewalkers/dom.py
+++ b/html5lib/treewalkers/dom.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 from xml.dom import Node
 
diff --git a/html5lib/treewalkers/etree.py b/html5lib/treewalkers/etree.py
index 411a1d45..ef5e914c 100644
--- a/html5lib/treewalkers/etree.py
+++ b/html5lib/treewalkers/etree.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 from collections import OrderedDict
 import re
diff --git a/html5lib/treewalkers/etree_lxml.py b/html5lib/treewalkers/etree_lxml.py
index a614ac5b..af6c260d 100644
--- a/html5lib/treewalkers/etree_lxml.py
+++ b/html5lib/treewalkers/etree_lxml.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 from six import text_type
 
 from collections import OrderedDict
@@ -20,7 +19,7 @@ def ensure_str(s):
         return s.decode("ascii", "strict")
 
 
-class Root(object):
+class Root:
     def __init__(self, et):
         self.elementtree = et
         self.children = []
@@ -58,7 +57,7 @@ def __len__(self):
         return 1
 
 
-class Doctype(object):
+class Doctype:
     def __init__(self, root_node, name, public_id, system_id):
         self.root_node = root_node
         self.name = name
@@ -81,7 +80,7 @@ def getnext(self):
         return None
 
 
-class FragmentWrapper(object):
+class FragmentWrapper:
     def __init__(self, fragment_root, obj):
         self.root_node = fragment_root
         self.obj = obj
diff --git a/html5lib/treewalkers/genshi.py b/html5lib/treewalkers/genshi.py
index 7483be27..78f22fd3 100644
--- a/html5lib/treewalkers/genshi.py
+++ b/html5lib/treewalkers/genshi.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
 
 from genshi.core import QName
 from genshi.core import START, END, XML_NAMESPACE, DOCTYPE, TEXT
diff --git a/parse.py b/parse.py
index e6806b46..14bbe99a 100755
--- a/parse.py
+++ b/parse.py
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ def parse():
             try:
                 # Try opening from file system
                 f = open(f, "rb")
-            except IOError as e:
+            except OSError as e:
                 sys.stderr.write("Unable to open file: %s\n" % e)
                 sys.exit(1)
     except IndexError:
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index 30ee0575..afab2904 100644
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import print_function
 
 import ast
 import codecs
@@ -64,11 +63,7 @@ def default_environment():
     'Operating System :: OS Independent',
     'Programming Language :: Python',
     'Programming Language :: Python :: 2',
-    'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7',
     'Programming Language :: Python :: 3',
-    'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5',
-    'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6',
-    'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7',
     'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8',
     'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9',
     'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10',
@@ -110,7 +105,7 @@ def default_environment():
           'six>=1.9',
           'webencodings>=0.5.1',
       ],
-      python_requires=">=2.7, !=3.0.*, !=3.1.*, !=3.2.*, !=3.3.*, !=3.4.*",
+      python_requires=">=3.8",
       extras_require={
           # A conditional extra will only install these items when the extra is
           # requested and the condition matches.
diff --git a/tox.ini b/tox.ini
index fb228e96..94a78542 100644
--- a/tox.ini
+++ b/tox.ini
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 [tox]
-envlist = py{27,35,36,37,38,39,310,311,py,py3}-{base,optional,oldest}
+envlist = py{38,39,310,311,py,py3}-{base,optional,oldest}
 
 [testenv]
 deps =
diff --git a/toxver.py b/toxver.py
index 68eb71ec..950dc083 100755
--- a/toxver.py
+++ b/toxver.py
@@ -12,18 +12,11 @@
     $ toxver.py pypy-3.8 base
     TOXENV=pypy3-base
 
-    $ toxver.py 2.7 oldest
-    TOXENV=py27-oldest
-
     $ toxver.py ~3.12.0-0 optional
     TOXENV=py312-optional
 
 """
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from __future__ import division
-from __future__ import print_function
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 import sys
 
@@ -35,10 +28,6 @@ def main(argv):
 
     deps = argv[2]
 
-    if argv[1].startswith("pypy-2"):
-        print("TOXENV=pypy-" + deps)
-        return 0
-
     if argv[1].startswith("pypy-3"):
         print("TOXENV=pypy3-" + deps)
         return 0