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[IK]: Prove zeta_pow_four_eq (IK 1.29) #1690

Description

@Chessing234

Description

Close the sorry on zeta_pow_four_eq in IwaniecKowalskiCh1.lean (IK (1.29)):

[
\zeta(s)^4 = \zeta(2s)\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\tau(n)^2 n^{-s}
\qquad(\operatorname{Re}(s)>1).
]

Suggested approach

Direct Euler-product proof (independent of the general Ramanujan identity #1688):

  • local factor (\sum_k (k+1)^2 x^k = (1+x)/(1-x)^3);
  • compare with (\zeta(2s)) to recover (1/(1-x)^4);
  • absolute convergence via (\tau(n)^2 \le d_4(n)).

Notes

This unlocks the written dependency of zeta_pow_three_eq on the corollary once zeta_mul_tau_square_eq is also proved.

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